Ultimate Science & Technology Mock Test (100 MCQs) for Competitive Exams

Science & Technology Mock Test for Competitive Exams

Science & Technology Mock Test

Your ultimate practice arena for all major competitive exams in India!

Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Env & Tech
IT & Space

Test Instructions

  • Total Questions: 100 MCQs
  • Maximum Marks: 100
  • Time Limit: 60 Minutes
  • Marking Scheme: +1 for each correct answer, -0.33 for each incorrect answer.
60:00

Physics

1. What is the SI unit of luminous intensity?

2. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

3. The phenomenon responsible for the twinkling of stars is:

4. Which device converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?

5. What is the principle behind the working of a hydraulic lift?

6. The unit of power is:

7. Which type of waves are sound waves?

8. What is the escape velocity of Earth?

9. A device used to measure the depth of the ocean is:

10. Which color of light deviates the most when passing through a prism?

Chemistry

11. What is the chemical symbol for Gold?

12. Which gas is known as "laughing gas"?

13. The hardest natural substance is:

14. What is the pH value of pure water?

15. Which acid is present in lemon?

16. The chemical formula of common salt is:

17. Rusting of iron is an example of:

18. Which element is used in the manufacturing of pencils?

19. The gas responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer is:

20. Which metal is liquid at room temperature?

Biology

21. What is the powerhouse of the cell?

22. Which blood group is considered the universal recipient?

23. The largest gland in the human body is:

24. What is the scientific name of humans?

25. Deficiency of Vitamin D causes:

26. Which of the following is a plant hormone?

27. The study of fungi is called:

28. Photosynthesis in plants takes place primarily in which organelle?

29. The main component of bones and teeth is:

30. Which disease is caused by a virus?

Environmental Science & Technology

31. The primary cause of acid rain is:

32. What is the full form of LED?

33. The term "Greenhouse Effect" refers to:

34. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?

35. "Bhopal Gas Tragedy" was caused by the leakage of:

36. What is the main objective of the "Swachh Bharat Abhiyan"?

37. The Chipko Movement is associated with:

38. Which country recently successfully landed its rover on the far side of the Moon?

39. What is the purpose of a "Geostationary Satellite"?

40. Which of the following is a biodegradable pollutant?

Information Technology & Space Technology

41. What does 'CPU' stand for?

42. Which of the following is an input device?

43. What is 'www' in a web address?

44. Which Indian organization is responsible for space research?

45. The first artificial satellite launched by India was:

46. What is a 'firewall' in computer networking?

47. What does 'RAM' stand for?

48. GSLV is a launch vehicle used by ISRO. What does 'G' stand for?

49. Which programming language is often used for Artificial Intelligence?

50. The mission 'Mangalyaan' is also known as:

Recent Developments & General Science

51. What is the primary function of a vaccine?

52. The recent discovery of 'Gravitational Waves' was primarily predicted by:

53. Which of the following technologies is essential for 'self-driving cars'?

54. The 'CRISPR' technology is associated with:

55. What is 'Blockchain' primarily known for?

56. The term 'Gig economy' is often associated with:

57. What is 'mRNA' technology commonly used for in recent medical advancements?

58. India's first human spaceflight program is named:

59. What is the purpose of '5G' technology?

60. Which of the following is a common application of 'Artificial Neural Networks'?

Mixed Bag (Advanced)

61. What is the phenomenon responsible for the blue color of the sky?

62. The unit of electrical resistance is:

63. Which type of lens is used to correct myopia (nearsightedness)?

64. What is the main component of natural gas?

65. Which of the following is a strong acid?

66. The process of converting solid directly into gas is called:

67. Which part of the plant is responsible for water absorption from the soil?

68. What is the function of haemoglobin in the blood?

69. Which vitamin is responsible for blood clotting?

70. The largest artery in the human body is:

Technology & Innovation

71. What is the full form of QR code?

72. 'Internet of Things' (IoT) refers to:

73. Which of the following is a common application of 'Augmented Reality' (AR)?

74. What is the primary purpose of 'Cloud Computing'?

75. Which technology is used for 'Facial Recognition'?

76. The term 'Li-Fi' refers to data transmission using:

77. What is 'Nanotechnology' concerned with?

78. Which of the following is a characteristic of 'Big Data'?

79. What is the main objective of 'Quantum Computing'?

80. 'GPS' stands for:

Defence & Health Technology

81. Which missile system is jointly developed by India and Russia?

82. What is 'DRDO' primarily responsible for in India?

83. The term 'Surgical Strike' became prominent in news for which type of military operation?

84. What is 'Telemedicine'?

85. Which technology is used for 'MRI' scans in medical imaging?

86. What is the purpose of 'Organ Donation'?

87. Which of the following is a vector-borne disease?

88. What is 'SARS-CoV-2' associated with?

89. The term 'Antimicrobial Resistance' refers to:

90. What is 'Ayushman Bharat' a flagship scheme of the Indian government related to?

Miscellaneous Science & Tech

91. What is the unit of frequency?

92. Which planet is known as the "Red Planet"?

93. The instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure is:

94. What is the main function of 'Insulin' in the human body?

95. Which of the following is a good conductor of electricity?

96. The process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere is called:

97. What is the main component of the sun?

98. Which of the following is a non-metal?

99. The study of heredity is called:

100. What is the approximate age of the Earth?

Your Test Performance

Here is your result:

0.00

Correct Answers

0

Incorrect Answers

0

Unattempted

0

Accuracy

0%

Answer Key & Explanations

Physics

1. b) Candela

Candela (cd) is the SI base unit for luminous intensity, which measures the power emitted by a light source in a particular direction.

2. d) Speed

Speed has only magnitude (e.g., 60 km/h), while velocity, acceleration, and force also have a direction, making them vector quantities.

3. c) Atmospheric refraction

Light from stars bends as it passes through Earth's changing atmospheric layers, causing the apparent position of the star to shift, which we see as twinkling.

4. b) Motor

An electric motor uses the principles of electromagnetism to convert electrical energy into rotational mechanical energy.

5. c) Pascal's Law

Pascal's Law states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and the walls of the container.

6. b) Watt

Power is the rate of doing work or transferring energy. One Watt is equal to one Joule per second.

7. c) Longitudinal waves

In longitudinal waves, particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation, like in sound.

8. b) 11.2 km/s

This is the minimum speed an object needs to break free from Earth's gravitational pull without further propulsion.

9. b) Fathometer

A Fathometer is a specific type of echo sounder (sonar) used to measure water depth.

10. d) Violet

Violet light has the shortest wavelength and thus bends (deviates) the most when passing through a prism, while red deviates the least.

Chemistry

11. d) Au

The symbol Au for gold comes from its Latin name, 'Aurum'.

12. b) Nitrous Oxide

Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) is known as laughing gas due to the euphoric effects it produces upon inhalation.

13. c) Diamond

Diamond is an allotrope of carbon where atoms are arranged in a rigid crystal lattice, making it the hardest known natural material.

14. b) 7

A pH of 7 is considered neutral, which is the characteristic of pure, deionized water at 25°C.

15. c) Citric acid

Citric acid is a weak organic acid that gives citrus fruits like lemons and limes their characteristic sour taste.

16. c) NaCl

Common table salt is chemically known as Sodium Chloride (NaCl).

17. a) Oxidation

Rusting is an oxidation reaction where iron reacts with oxygen and water to form hydrated iron(III) oxide.

18. b) Graphite

The "lead" in a pencil is a mixture of graphite (a form of carbon) and clay; it contains no elemental lead.

19. c) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

CFCs release chlorine atoms in the stratosphere, which catalytically destroy ozone molecules, leading to ozone layer depletion.

20. b) Mercury

Mercury (Hg) is unique among metals for being a liquid at standard temperature and pressure.

Biology

21. c) Mitochondria

Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration, the process that generates most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as energy.

22. c) AB+

Individuals with AB+ blood have no A or B antibodies and are Rh positive, so they can receive any blood type.

23. c) Liver

The liver is the largest internal organ and gland in the human body, performing over 500 essential functions.

24. c) Homo sapiens

This is the binomial nomenclature for the only extant human species.

25. b) Rickets

Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption; its deficiency leads to weak and soft bones, a condition known as rickets in children.

26. c) Auxin

Auxins are a class of plant hormones that play a crucial role in coordinating many growth and behavioral processes in the plant's life cycle.

27. b) Mycology

Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi.

28. c) Chloroplast

Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, the pigment that captures light energy for photosynthesis.

29. b) Calcium Phosphate

Bones and teeth are primarily composed of a mineral matrix of calcium phosphate in the form of hydroxyapatite.

30. d) Measles

Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by the measles virus. Typhoid and TB are bacterial; Malaria is protozoan.

h3>Environmental Science & Technology
31. b) Nitrogen and Sulfur oxides

These oxides, released from burning fossil fuels, react with atmospheric water to form nitric and sulfuric acid, which fall as acid rain.

32. a) Light Emitting Diode

An LED is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current passes through it.

33. b) Warming of the Earth's atmosphere

Greenhouse gases trap heat from the sun in the atmosphere, leading to a gradual increase in the planet's average temperature.

34. c) Solar Energy

Solar energy is renewable because it is derived from the sun, which is a naturally replenishing resource, unlike finite fossil fuels.

35. a) Methyl Isocyanate

The disastrous industrial accident in Bhopal involved the leakage of the highly toxic gas Methyl Isocyanate (MIC).

36. b) Waste management and sanitation

Launched in 2014, its primary goals are to achieve an "Open-Defecation Free" India and improve solid waste management.

37. b) Forest conservation

The Chipko movement was a non-violent social and ecological movement by rural villagers, particularly women, in India aimed at protecting trees and forests from government-backed logging.

38. c) China

China's Chang'e 4 mission made the first-ever soft landing on the far side of the Moon in January 2019.

39. d) All of the above

A geostationary satellite remains in a fixed position relative to the Earth's surface, making it ideal for communication, broadcasting, and continuous weather monitoring.

40. c) Sewage

Sewage is organic waste that can be broken down by microorganisms, unlike non-biodegradable pollutants like plastic and DDT.

Information Technology & Space Technology

41. b) Central Processing Unit

The CPU is the primary component of a computer that executes instructions, often referred to as the "brain" of the computer.

42. c) Keyboard

An input device sends data to a computer system. A keyboard is used to input text and commands.

43. b) World Wide Web

The WWW is an information system where documents and other web resources are identified by URLs and can be accessed via the Internet.

44. c) ISRO

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is the national space agency of India.

45. c) Aryabhata

Named after the famous Indian astronomer, Aryabhata was India's first satellite, launched in 1975.

46. b) A security system

A firewall monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules, acting as a barrier.

47. b) Random Access Memory

RAM is a form of volatile computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, used for storing working data.

48. b) Geosynchronous

GSLV stands for Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle, designed to launch satellites into geosynchronous orbits.

49. c) Python

Python's simple syntax and extensive libraries (like TensorFlow and PyTorch) make it the most popular language for AI and machine learning.

50. a) Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM)

Mangalyaan (Sanskrit for "Mars-craft") is the popular name for India's highly successful Mars Orbiter Mission.

Recent Developments & General Science

51. b) To strengthen the immune system against future infections

Vaccines introduce a harmless form of a pathogen to the body, training the immune system to recognize and fight it off quickly in the future.

52. b) Albert Einstein

Gravitational waves, or ripples in spacetime, were a key prediction of Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity in 1916.

53. b) Artificial Intelligence

AI, particularly machine learning and computer vision, is crucial for self-driving cars to perceive their environment and make decisions.

54. b) Gene editing

CRISPR-Cas9 is a revolutionary gene-editing tool that allows scientists to alter DNA sequences and modify gene function.

55. b) Secure and decentralized record-keeping

Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that creates a secure, transparent, and tamper-proof record of transactions.

56. b) Short-term contracts or freelance work

The gig economy is a labor market characterized by the prevalence of short-term, flexible jobs as opposed to permanent ones.

57. c) Vaccine development

Messenger RNA (mRNA) technology was famously used to rapidly develop highly effective vaccines for COVID-19.

58. b) Gaganyaan

Gaganyaan ("Sky-craft") is the formative crewed orbital spacecraft mission of the Indian Human Spaceflight Programme.

59. b) To provide faster internet speeds and lower latency

5G is the fifth generation of cellular technology, designed for greater speed, lower delay (latency), and the ability to connect many more devices.

60. b) Image recognition

Artificial Neural Networks, inspired by the human brain, excel at pattern recognition tasks like identifying objects in images and videos.

Mixed Bag (Advanced)

61. c) Scattering of light

Air molecules scatter short-wavelength light (like blue and violet) more effectively than long-wavelength light (like red), making the sky appear blue.

62. c) Ohm

The Ohm (symbol: Ω) is the SI unit of electrical resistance, named after German physicist Georg Ohm.

63. b) Concave lens

A concave lens diverges light rays, which helps to focus the image correctly on the retina for a nearsighted person.

64. c) Methane

Natural gas is primarily composed of methane (CH₄), typically making up 70-90% of its volume.

65. c) Hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid because it completely ionizes (dissociates) in water.

66. c) Sublimation

Sublimation is the phase transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state, without passing through the liquid state (e.g., dry ice).

67. c) Roots

Roots anchor the plant and absorb water and essential minerals from the soil through osmosis.

68. c) To transport oxygen

Haemoglobin is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen in the lungs and carries it to tissues throughout the body.

69. c) Vitamin K

Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of several proteins needed for blood coagulation (clotting).

70. c) Aorta

The aorta is the main and largest artery in the body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and extending down to the abdomen.

Technology & Innovation

71. a) Quick Response Code

QR codes are two-dimensional barcodes that can store information and be read quickly by a camera.

72. a) A network of physical objects embedded with sensors and software

IoT describes the network of everyday physical devices connected to the internet, allowing them to collect and share data.

73. c) Overlaying digital information onto the real world

AR enhances the real world by adding computer-generated layers of information on top of it, viewed through devices like smartphones.

74. b) Delivering computing services over the Internet

Cloud computing provides on-demand access to services like storage, servers, and software over the internet ("the cloud").

75. b) Artificial Intelligence

Facial recognition systems use AI and machine learning algorithms to identify and verify individuals from digital images or videos.

76. c) Light waves

Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) is a wireless communication technology that uses light from LEDs to transmit data at high speeds.

77. b) Manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale

Nanotechnology deals with structures and devices with dimensions in the nanometer range (1 to 100 nanometers).

78. b) Large volume, high velocity, variety

These three "Vs" (Volume, Velocity, Variety) are the core characteristics defining Big Data.

79. b) To solve complex problems beyond the capability of classical computers

Quantum computers leverage quantum-mechanical phenomena to perform calculations that are too complex for traditional computers, like drug discovery or material science.

80. a) Global Positioning System

GPS is a satellite-based radionavigation system that provides geolocation and time information to a receiver anywhere on Earth.

Defence & Health Technology

81. c) BrahMos

BrahMos is a supersonic cruise missile developed by a joint venture between India's DRDO and Russia's NPO Mashinostroyeniya.

82. c) Defence research and development

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is the premier agency for military research and development in India.

83. b) Covert military operation

A surgical strike is a precise military attack intended to damage only a specific, legitimate target with minimal collateral damage.

84. b) Providing healthcare services remotely using technology

Telemedicine uses telecommunication technology to provide clinical health care from a distance, improving access for remote patients.

85. c) Strong magnetic fields and radio waves

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses a powerful magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of organs and tissues in the body.

86. a) To replace damaged or diseased organs in a recipient

Organ donation is the process of surgically removing an organ from one person (the donor) and placing it into another person (the recipient).

87. c) Dengue

A vector-borne disease is transmitted by an organism (vector), such as a mosquito, which transmits the dengue virus.

88. b) The virus causing COVID-19

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the official name of the virus that causes the disease COVID-19.

89. b) The ability of microbes to resist the effects of drugs

AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites evolve over time and no longer respond to medicines, making infections harder to treat.

90. b) Healthcare

Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) is a national public health insurance scheme for low-income earners in India.

Miscellaneous Science & Tech

91. c) Hertz

Frequency, the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time, is measured in Hertz (Hz), which is equivalent to one cycle per second.

92. b) Mars

Mars is called the Red Planet because its surface is covered with iron oxide (rust), giving it a reddish appearance.

93. b) Barometer

A barometer is a scientific instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure, which helps in forecasting weather.

94. b) To control blood sugar levels

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that allows your body to use sugar (glucose) from carbohydrates for energy or to store it for future use.

95. c) Copper

Copper is an excellent electrical conductor because its atoms have free electrons that can move easily, allowing current to flow.

96. b) Transpiration

Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems, and flowers.

97. b) Hydrogen and Helium

The Sun is a giant ball of hot gas, composed of about 75% hydrogen and 24% helium, with nuclear fusion in its core generating its energy.

98. c) Sulphur

Sulphur is a non-metal, characterized by being a poor conductor of heat and electricity. Iron, copper, and gold are all metals.

99. c) Genetics

Genetics is the branch of biology that studies genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.

100. b) 4.5 billion years

Based on radiometric dating of meteorite samples and geological evidence, the Earth is estimated to be approximately 4.54 billion years old.

Post a Comment

0 Comments